Understanding Anti-Slip Ratings for Residential & Commercial Projects

How is Slip Resistance of Tiles Measured?

The slip resistance of tiles is typically assessed using three main methods: the Oil Wet Ramp Test, the Dry Friction Test (Tortus), or the Wet Pendulum Test, which assign surfaces ratings like ‘R’, ‘COF’, or ‘P’ respectively.

1. Oil Wet Ramp Test
   The Oil Wet Ramp Test requires one or more individuals to walk back and forth on a platform with tiled surfaces. The ramp’s incline is gradually increased until slipping happens. The angle at which slippage occurs is measured to establish the tile’s slip resistance rating, known as the R-rating. The R value varies from R9 (6 to 9 degrees incline) to R13 (35 degrees and above), with R9 indicating the lowest slip resistance level and R13 indicating the highest slip resistance level.
2. Dry Friction Test (Tortus)
   During the Dry Friction Test, the slip resistance of a tile is evaluated by measuring the friction generated by a rubber slider as it moves across a tile sample. This assessment is conducted with a specific tool known as the Tortus, hence the test is also referred to as the Tortus Test. The outcome is presented as a coefficient of friction (COF) ranging from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating better slip resistance of the tile. Tiles must have a minimum COF of 0.4 to be deemed suitable for floor installation.

3. Wet Pendulum Test
   This test involves swinging a pendulum with a standardized rubber slider over the tile’s surface to measure the energy lost to friction. The result is expressed as a PTV (Pendulum Test Value) Rating, which correlates to a specific P-Rating on a scale from P0 to P5, with P5 indicating the highest level of slip resistance.

*Based on the Standards Australia Handbook HB197.

The P-ratings classify tile slip resistance levels from low to high, aiding in selecting tiles based on their performance in different settings. This system helps identify tiles suitable for specific areas, ensuring safety by providing sufficient traction in moist environments.

Traditionally, anti-slip effects on tiles were achieved by imprinting a structured pattern or applying a rough textured glaze on the surface. However, these textures tended to trap dirt, making cleaning and upkeep challenging.

Recent advancements in anti-slip technology have moved beyond these rough surfaces. Niro Ceramic Group now offers Slip-Stop tiles with a smooth matte texture that remains easy to clean, yet provides substantial slip resistance up to P4 when wet.

By understanding and utilizing these anti-slip ratings, one can select tiles that are both visually appealing and offer the necessary grip and durability for different areas. This blend of technology and knowledge results in safer, more resilient tiles, enhancing spaces with practicality and style.